RESUMO
INTRODUCCIÓN: Staphylococcus aureus es el principal patógeno causante de infecciones nosocomiales. Los profesionales sanitarios, incluyendo los estudiantes de medicina, pueden ser una fuente de transmisión. Los objetivos del estudio fueron determinar la tasa de portadores nasales de S. aureus sensible y resistente a la meticilina (SARM) y evaluar el conocimiento y la adherencia que tenían los estudiantes sobre la higiene de manos. Métodos En el estudio participaron estudiantes de medicina adscritos al Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre. Se realizó la toma de muestras de ambos vestíbulos nasales, y en todos los aislamientos se determinó la sensibilidad antibiótica. La obtención de datos se realizó mediante una encuesta autoadministrada que incluía factores de riesgo de colonización, hábitos higiénicos y conocimiento del protocolo de higiene de manos. Resultados De los 140 estudiantes incluidos, se detectaron 55 (39,3%) colonizados por S. aureus, con 3 (2,1%) SARM. La exposición a los antibióticos en los últimos 3 meses fue menor en los estudiantes colonizados (12,3% vs. 25,9%, p = 0,03). La autoevaluación mostró que el 56,4% de los estudiantes no se lavaban las manos casi nunca antes de atender al primer paciente, y solo el 38,6% se lavaban siempre después de explorar a los pacientes. El 35,7% desconocían el protocolo de higiene de manos, y el 38,6% no habían recibido formación específica. Conclusiones Los estudiantes de medicina deben ser tenidos en cuenta en los programas de control de la infección hospitalaria. La formación sobre higiene de manos debería impartirse antes de que los estudiantes comenzasen sus prácticas en el hospital
BACKGROUND: Staphylococcus aureus is the main pathogen causing nosocomial infections. Health profesionals, including medical students, could be a source of transmission. The aims of the study were to determine the rate of nasal carriage of S. aureus susceptible and resistant to methicillin (MRSA) and evaluate the knowledge and adherence that students had about hand hygiene. METHODS: The study included medical students attached to the Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre(Madrid, Spain). We collected samples from both nasal vestibules, and the antimicrobial susceptibility was determined on all isolates. Data collection was performed using a self-administered questionnaire that included risk factors for colonization, hygiene habits and knowledge of hand hygiene protocols. RESULTS: Of the 140 students included, 55 (39.3%) were colonized by S. aureus, and 3 (2,1%) by MRSA. The exposure to antibiotics in the last 3 months was lower in colonized students (12.3% vs. 25.9%, P = .03). Self-assessment showed that 56.4% of students almost never washed their hands before to attending to the first patient, and only 38.6% always washed after examining patients. More than a third (35.7%) ignored the hand hygiene protocol, and 38.6% had not received specific formation. CONCLUSIONS: Medical students should be included in hospital infection control programs. Hand hygiene training should be given to students before they begin their practices in the hospital
Assuntos
Humanos , Infecções Estafilocócicas/epidemiologia , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/isolamento & purificação , Nariz/microbiologia , Infecção Hospitalar/epidemiologia , Estudantes de Medicina/estatística & dados numéricos , Desinfecção das Mãos/tendênciasRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Staphylococcus aureus is the main pathogen causing nosocomial infections. Health professionals, including medical students, could be a source of transmission. The aims of the study were to determine the rate of nasal carriage of S.aureus susceptible and resistant to methicillin (MRSA) and evaluate the knowledge and adherence that students had about hand hygiene. METHODS: The study included medical students attached to the Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre (Madrid, Spain). We collected samples from both nasal vestibules, and the antimicrobial susceptibility was determined on all isolates. Data collection was performed using a self-administered questionnaire that included risk factors for colonization, hygiene habits and knowledge of hand hygiene protocols. RESULTS: Of the 140 students included, 55 (39.3%) were colonized by S.aureus, and 3 (2,1%) by MRSA. The exposure to antibiotics in the last 3 months was lower in colonized students (12.3% vs. 25.9%, P=.03). Self-assessment showed that 56.4% of students almost never washed their hands before to attending to the first patient, and only 38.6% always washed after examining patients. More than a third (35.7%) ignored the hand hygiene protocol, and 38.6% had not received specific formation. CONCLUSIONS: Medical students should be included in hospital infection control programs. Hand hygiene training should be given to students before they begin their practices in the hospital.
